Indian Penal Code, 1860
Section 47
repealedAnimal
The word “animal” denotes any living creature, other than a human being.
Why this exists
The IPC needed a clear, simple definition of 'animal' because several sections in the Code deal with offences related to animals, such as cruelty to animals, mischief by killing or maiming animals, and theft of animals. Rather than defining 'animal' narrowly (like only mammals or domesticated creatures), the drafters chose a broad, inclusive definition so that all non-human living creatures would fall within the Code's protection or relevance, avoiding ambiguity or loopholes based on species type.
Common misconceptions
- Myth: The word 'animal' in the IPC only refers to common pets or farm animals like dogs, cats, and cows.
Fact: The IPC's definition is far broader: it includes every living creature that is not human, such as birds, fish, and insects.