The word 'Government' in the IPC only refers to the Central Government in Delhi.

Section 17 clarifies that 'Government' includes both the Central Government and State Governments, so IPC provisions apply to both levels.

Indian Penal Code, 1860

Section 17

repealed

Government

The word “Government” denotes the Central Government or the Government of a State.§

Why this exists

The Indian Penal Code was drafted in 1860 during British colonial rule and has continued to apply after India became a republic with a federal structure of one Central Government and multiple State Governments. Many IPC offences (like those against public servants, government property, or public order) refer to 'Government' without specifying which one. Section 17 is a definitional clause that clarifies this term applies equally to the Union and State levels, avoiding confusion in a country with divided governmental powers under the Constitution.

Common misconceptions

Myth: The word 'Government' in the IPC only refers to the Central Government in Delhi.
Fact: Section 17 clarifies that 'Government' includes both the Central Government and State Governments, so IPC provisions apply to both levels.