सं Samvidhan

Constitution · Part V

The Union — MCQs with answers

502 exam-style questions on this part, written from the actual legal text and tagged for UPSC, Judiciary and CLAT. Five are shown below with answers and explanations — the rest are in the free interactive drill.

Q1 · easy · Article 100

Under Article 100 of the Constitution, how are questions at any sitting of either House or a joint sitting determined?

  1. A.By a majority of the votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker✓ correct
  2. B.By a majority of the full membership of the House
  3. C.By a two-thirds majority of the members present
  4. D.By a plurality (the candidate or proposal with the most votes) regardless of majority

Why: Article 100(1) states that all questions at any sitting of either House or a joint sitting shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker. The provision does not require a majority of the full membership or a supermajority.

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Q2 · easy · Article 100

Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, what is the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House under Article 100?

  1. A.One-fifth of the total number of members of the House
  2. B.One-tenth of the total number of members of the House✓ correct
  3. C.One-fourth of the total number of members of the House
  4. D.One-third of the total number of members of the House

Why: Article 100(3) expressly provides that the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House until Parliament by law otherwise provides. The other fractions are not mentioned in this clause.

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Q3 · medium · Article 100

Which of the following correctly states the effect of vacancies or the later discovery that an unauthorised person took part in proceedings?

  1. A.No; if there are vacancies, the House cannot act until the vacancies are filled
  2. B.Yes; the House can act despite vacancies, but proceedings become void if an unauthorised person later is found to have taken part
  3. C.Yes; either House has power to act notwithstanding any vacancy, and proceedings are valid even if it is later discovered that some person not entitled sat or voted or otherwise took part✓ correct
  4. D.Only the President can validate proceedings affected by vacancies or unauthorised participation

Why: Article 100(2) states that either House shall have power to act notwithstanding any vacancy in its membership, and further provides that proceedings shall be valid notwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that some person who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise took part. Thus vacancies do not invalidate acts nor does later discovery of unauthorised participation.

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Q4 · medium · Article 100

If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, what is the duty of the Chairman or Speaker under Article 100?

  1. A.To adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum✓ correct
  2. B.To continue the meeting and record the absence of quorum in the minutes
  3. C.To prorogue the House immediately
  4. D.To order fresh elections to fill vacancies causing the lack of quorum

Why: Article 100(4) mandates that if at any time during a meeting there is no quorum, it is the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum. The clause does not empower prorogation or continuation without quorum.

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Q5 · hard · Article 100

Which statement correctly describes the Speaker's voting rights under Article 100(1)?

  1. A.The Speaker votes along with other members and does not have a separate casting vote
  2. B.The Speaker does not vote in the first instance but has and can exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes✓ correct
  3. C.The Speaker never votes at all, neither in the first instance nor as a casting vote
  4. D.The Speaker votes only when presiding over joint sittings and not in ordinary sittings

Why: Article 100(1) provides that the Chairman or Speaker shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes. Thus the Speaker refrains from the initial vote but may cast a deciding vote if votes are equal.

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Questions are AI-generated from the legal text, machine-verified against the provision, and editorially reviewable. Education, not legal advice.