Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
Section 529
Duty of High Court to exercise continuous superintendence over Courts
Every High Court shall so exercise its superintendence over the Courts of Session and Courts of Judicial Magistrates subordinate to it as to ensure that there is an expeditious and proper disposal of cases by the Judges and Magistrates.
Why this exists
Delayed justice undermines public trust and can cause real harm — undertrials languishing in jail, victims waiting years for outcomes. This section places an active, ongoing duty on High Courts (not just a one-time or occasional check) to monitor subordinate criminal courts, encouraging administrative measures like case-flow management and timely disposal. It carries forward a duty from the earlier Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (as section 483).