Article 214

The framers of the Constitution wanted a strong, independent judiciary at the State level, not just a single Supreme Court far away in Delhi. High Courts were already functioning in parts of British India (like Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras) before independence, and the Constitution builders continued this tradition by guaranteeing every State its own High Court. This ensured people could access justice closer to home and that judicial power was spread across the country, not centralized in one place.

Courts have generally read Article 214 together with Article 231, which allows Parliament to establish a single common High Court for two or more States or a State and a Union Territory (for example, the Punjab and Haryana High Court serves two States and a Union Territory). This means Article 214's guarantee is not always a strictly one-State-one-High-Court rule in practice, but rather ensures every State is covered by some High Court's jurisdiction.

• Myth: Every State must have a completely separate, exclusive High Court building and bench just for itself.
  Fact: Under Article 231, Parliament can set up one common High Court for two or more States (or States and Union Territories), so the guarantee in Article 214 doesn't always mean a physically separate High Court per State.